Where Is The Bighorn Medicine Wheel Located? Unveiling the Mystery and Significance of an Ancient Native American Site
For centuries, the Bighorn Medicine Wheel has stood as a silent sentinel on the rugged, windswept landscape of Wyoming, its stone circles and spokes hinting at a rich history and profound spiritual significance. A testament to the ingenuity and wisdom of its creators, this enigmatic site continues to captivate the imaginations of archaeologists, historians, and spiritual seekers alike. But where exactly is this ancient marvel located, and what can we learn about its construction, purpose, and enduring legacy?
Unveiling the Geographical Location
The Bighorn Medicine Wheel is situated atop a high plateau in the Bighorn Mountains of north-central Wyoming, at an elevation of approximately 9,642 feet (2,940 meters) above sea level. Specifically, it lies in the Bighorn National Forest, about 45 miles (72 kilometers) east of the town of Lovell, Wyoming. The site is easily accessible via well-maintained Forest Service roads, making it a popular destination for visitors during the warmer months.
The precise location is at a place called Medicine Mountain, a prominent landmark that offers stunning panoramic views of the surrounding valleys and peaks. This strategic placement was undoubtedly intentional, as it provided the builders with an unobstructed view of the horizon and a unique vantage point for observing celestial events. The remote and elevated setting also served to isolate the site, making it a place of reverence and privacy.
The Physical Characteristics of the Medicine Wheel
The Bighorn Medicine Wheel is a complex and meticulously constructed structure consisting of a central stone cairn, a circular outer ring, and radiating lines of stones that resemble spokes of a wheel. The outer ring is approximately 80 feet (24 meters) in diameter, and the cairn at the center is a circular pile of rocks that is about 12 feet (3.7 meters) across.
The spokes, which emanate from the central cairn, vary in length and direction. Some spokes are short and stubby, while others extend outwards for significant distances. The overall design is strikingly symmetrical, and the alignment of the spokes and cairn with certain celestial events, such as the solstices and the rising and setting of specific stars, has led to speculation about the site’s astronomical purpose.
The stones used in the construction of the Medicine Wheel are primarily local limestone, quartzite, and other readily available materials. The size and weight of the stones, some of which weigh several hundred pounds, suggest that the builders must have possessed considerable organizational skills and physical strength. The stones are carefully placed, and the entire structure exhibits a remarkable level of precision, given the technological limitations of the time.
The Mystery of its Purpose
The exact purpose of the Bighorn Medicine Wheel remains a subject of ongoing debate and scholarly investigation. However, several theories have been put forward, each with its own merits and supporting evidence.
Astronomical Observatory: One of the most prominent theories suggests that the Medicine Wheel served as an astronomical observatory, used to track the movements of the sun, moon, and stars. The alignment of the spokes with the solstices and other celestial events lends credence to this theory. The builders may have used the Medicine Wheel to predict seasonal changes, such as the best times for planting and harvesting crops, or to mark important religious or ceremonial occasions.
Ceremonial Site: Another prevalent theory posits that the Medicine Wheel was a ceremonial site, used for religious rituals, healing ceremonies, or other spiritual practices. The circular shape of the outer ring and the central cairn may have been symbolic of the interconnectedness of all things, while the radiating spokes could have represented pathways to the spirit world or connections to different aspects of the natural world.
Calendar: Some researchers believe that the Medicine Wheel functioned as a calendar, used to track the passage of time and to organize the annual cycle of events. The alignments of the spokes and the cairn with specific celestial events could have served as markers of particular dates or seasons. The builders may have used the calendar to coordinate hunting expeditions, social gatherings, or other important activities.
A Combination of Purposes: It is also possible that the Medicine Wheel served multiple purposes, combining astronomical, ceremonial, and calendrical functions. The builders may have incorporated different aspects of their worldview into the design, creating a site that was both practical and spiritually meaningful.
The Builders and Their Legacy
The identity of the builders of the Bighorn Medicine Wheel is another area of ongoing investigation. While it is impossible to know with certainty who constructed the site, several clues point to the involvement of Native American tribes who inhabited the region.
Archaeological evidence, such as pottery shards, arrowheads, and other artifacts found at or near the site, suggests that the Medicine Wheel was constructed and used by various tribes, including the Crow, Cheyenne, and Shoshone. Oral traditions and historical accounts also support this connection.
The Medicine Wheel is a testament to the ingenuity, knowledge, and spiritual beliefs of the Native American people. It is a reminder of their deep connection to the land and their intimate understanding of the natural world. The site continues to be revered by many Native Americans, who consider it a sacred place and a source of cultural pride.
Preservation and Respect
The Bighorn Medicine Wheel is a fragile and irreplaceable historical site. To ensure its preservation for future generations, it is crucial to approach the site with respect and responsibility. Visitors are encouraged to follow these guidelines:
- Stay on designated paths: Avoid walking on or disturbing the stones of the Medicine Wheel.
- Do not remove or alter any artifacts: Leave everything as you find it.
- Refrain from leaving any trash or litter: Pack out everything you pack in.
- Be respectful of the site’s spiritual significance: Avoid loud noises, disruptive behavior, and any actions that could be seen as disrespectful.
- Educate yourself about the site’s history and cultural significance: Learn about the Native American people who built and used the Medicine Wheel.
Visiting the Bighorn Medicine Wheel
Visiting the Bighorn Medicine Wheel is a unique and rewarding experience. Here are some tips for planning your visit:
- Check the weather forecast: The weather in the Bighorn Mountains can be unpredictable, so be prepared for changing conditions.
- Wear appropriate clothing and footwear: Dress in layers and wear sturdy hiking boots.
- Bring plenty of water and snacks: There are no facilities at the site.
- Allow ample time for your visit: Take your time to explore the site and appreciate its beauty and significance.
- Consider hiring a local guide: A guide can provide valuable insights into the history and cultural significance of the Medicine Wheel.
Conclusion
The Bighorn Medicine Wheel is a remarkable testament to the ingenuity, knowledge, and spiritual beliefs of the Native American people. Its exact purpose remains a subject of ongoing debate, but its enduring presence on the landscape serves as a powerful reminder of the rich history and cultural heritage of the region. By visiting the site with respect and a sense of wonder, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the mysteries of the past and the enduring legacy of the people who built this extraordinary monument. The Bighorn Medicine Wheel is not just a location; it is an experience, a connection to the past, and a reminder of the interconnectedness of all things.
